The Definition of the word Phenicia

Phenicia

(Acts 21:2) = Phenice (11:19; 15:3; R.V., Phoenicia), Gr. "phoinix, "a palm", the land of palm-trees; a strip of land of an" average breadth of about 20 miles along the shores of the "Mediterranean, from the river Eleutherus in the north to the" "promotory of Carmel in the south, about 120 miles in length." "This name is not found in the Old Testament, and in the New" Testament it is mentioned only in the passages above referred to. "In the Egyptian inscriptions Phoenicia is called Keft, the "inhabitants being Kefa; and since Keft-ur, or `Greater" "Phoenicia,' was the name given to the delta of the Nile from the" "Phoenician colonies settled upon it, the Philistines who came" "from Caphtor or Keft-ur must have been of Phoenician origin" "(comp. Deut. 2:23; Jer. 47:4; Amos 9:7)., Sayce's Bible and the" Monuments. "Phoenicia lay in the very centre of the old world, and was the natural entrepot for commerce with foreign nations. It was the "England of antiquity. "The trade routes from all Asia" converged on the Phoenician coast; the centres of commerce on the Euphrates and Tigris forwarding their goods by way of Tyre "to the Nile, to Arabia, and to the west; and, on the other hand," the productions of the vast regions bordering the Mediterranean "passing through the Canaanite capital to the eastern world." It" "was "situate at the entry of the sea, a merchant of the people" "for many isles" (Ezek. 27:3, 4). The far-reaching commercial" "activity of the Phoenicians, especially with Tarshish and the" "western world, enriched them with vast wealth, which introduced" boundless luxury and developed among them a great activity in all manner of arts and manufactures. (See [476]TYRE.) "The Phoenicians were the most enterprising merchants of the old "world, establishing colonies at various places, of which" Carthage was the chief. They were a Canaanite branch of the race "of Ham, and are frequently called Sidonians, from their" "principal city of Sidon. None could "skill to hew timber like" "unto the Sidonians" (1 Kings 5:6). King Hiram rendered important" service to Solomon in connection with the planning and building "of the temple, casting for him all the vessels for the temple" "service, and the two pillars which stood in the front of the" "porch, and "the molten sea" (1 Kings 7:21-23). Singular marks" have been found by recent exploration on the great stones that "form the substructure of the temple. These marks, both painted" "and engraved, have been regarded as made by the workmen in the" "quarries, and as probably intended to indicate the place of" "these stones in the building. "The Biblical account (1 Kings" "5:17, 18) is accurately descriptive of the massive masonry now" "existing at the south-eastern angle (of the temple area), and" standing on the native rock 80 feet below the present surface. "The Royal Engineers found, buried deeply among the rubbish of" "many centuries, great stones, costly and hewed stones, forming" the foundation of the sanctuary wall; while Phoenician fragments of pottery and Phoenician marks painted on the massive blocks seem to proclaim that the stones were prepared in the quarry by "the cunning workmen of Hiram, the king of Tyre." (See" [477]TEMPLE.) "The Phoenicians have been usually regarded as the inventors of alphabetic writing. The Egyptians expressed their thoughts by "certain symbols, called "hieroglyphics", i.e., sacred carvings," so styled because used almost exclusively on sacred subjects. "The recent discovery, however, of inscriptions in Southern" "Arabia (Yemen and Hadramaut), known as Hemyaritic, in connection" "with various philogical considerations, has led some to the" conclusion that the Phoenician alphabet was derived from the "Mineans (admitting the antiquity of the kingdom of Ma'in, Judg." 10:12; 2 Chr. 26:7). Thus the Phoenician alphabet ceases to be "the mother alphabet. Sayce thinks "it is more than possible that" "the Egyptians themselves were emigrants from Southern Arabia." (See MOABITE [478]STONE.) "The Phoenicians were renowned in ancient times for the "manufacture of glass, and some of the specimens of this work" that have been preserved are still the wonder of mankind...In "the matter of shipping, whether ship-building be thought of or" "traffic upon the sea, the Phoenicians surpassed all other" "nations." "The name Phoenicia is of uncertain origin, though it" "may be derived from Fenkhu, the name given in the Egyptian" inscriptions to the natives of Palestine. Among the chief "Phoenician cities were Tyre and Sidon, Gebal north of Beirut," "Arvad or Arados and Zemar."